1Bromopropane

1-bromopropane, also known as n-propyl bromide, is an organobromine compound with the formula C3H7Br. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature and is classified as a primary alkyl bromide. It is used mainly as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis and, to a lesser extent, as a solvent for certain reactions.

Its structure is CH3-CH2-CH2-Br. As a primary halide, it undergoes SN2 substitutions readily with strong nucleophiles, enabling the attachment of the propyl group to various substrates. Commercially, it is prepared from 1-propanol via halogenation reagents such as phosphorus tribromide or hydrobromic acid, followed by purification by distillation.

Applications include serving as an alkylating reagent in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other organic intermediates, and as a specialty solvent for reactions involving lipophilic solutes. It is often handled under standard precautions for flammable halogenated compounds.

Safety and environmental aspects: 1-bromopropane is flammable and can irritate the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract on exposure. Appropriate engineering controls, such as use in a fume hood and the use of gloves and eye protection, are recommended. It is a volatile organic compound and can contribute to air pollution if released; regulatory controls may apply in some jurisdictions.