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1860-1864 refers to a four-year period in the mid-19th century. This period is notable for significant events in the history of the United States, particularly the American Civil War. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected as the 16th President of the United States, which contributed to the secession of several Southern states.

In 1861, the American Civil War began when Confederate forces fired on the Union-held Fort Sumter in South Carolina. The war would go on to last for four years, causing widespread destruction and loss of life. The conflict was fought over issues such as slavery and states' rights, with the Union ultimately prevailing in 1865.

The period from 1860 to 1864 also saw significant milestones in the war, including the Battle of Fort Donelson in 1862, the Battle of Shiloh in 1862, and the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863. These battles were some of the bloodiest of the war and had significant outcomes, including the turning of the tide of the conflict in favor of the Union.

Civilians were also affected by the war, with many people losing homes and livelihoods. The Union's Emancipation Proclamation, issued in 1863, declared freedom for all slaves in Confederate territory. The period from 1860 to 1864 set the stage for the eventual end of the Civil War and the restructuring of the United States.