13diaminobenzene

1,3-Diaminobenzene, also known as m-phenylenediamine, is an aromatic diamine with the molecular formula C6H8N2. It consists of a benzene ring bearing amino groups at the 1 and 3 positions. It is typically encountered as a white to pale yellow solid that is moderately soluble in water and in many organic solvents. As with other phenylenediamines, the compound is a weak base and forms various salts with acids. Note: The correct systematic name is 1,3-diaminobenzene; “13diaminobenzene” is a nonstandard rendering.

It is one of three isomeric phenylenediamines, the others being o-phenylenediamine (1,2-diaminobenzene) and p-phenylenediamine (1,4-diaminobenzene). The position of the amino groups influences its chemical properties and applications, particularly in dye chemistry, where it serves as a coupling component or precursor to azo dyes.

Production and handling: Commercially, 1,3-diaminobenzene is produced by catalytic hydrogenation of m-dinitrobenzene or by reduction of appropriately substituted nitroaromatic precursors. It is stored as a stable solid under dry, cool conditions and kept away from oxidizers. It is a skin and eye irritant and may cause sensitization; exposure should be minimized and handled with appropriate protective equipment.

Applications: The compound is primarily used as an intermediate in the manufacture of azo dyes and pigments. It also serves as a monomer for specialty polymers and as a building block in organic synthesis for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, depending on the specific substitution patterns introduced to the ring.