12avledningsEKG

A 12-lead electrocardiogram, often abbreviated as 12-lead EKG or ECG, is a fundamental diagnostic tool used to assess the electrical activity of the heart. It involves placing a series of electrodes on the patient's chest, arms, and legs. These electrodes detect and record the subtle electrical impulses that cause the heart to contract and pump blood. The term "12-lead" refers to the fact that these electrodes provide 12 different views or "leads" of the heart's electrical activity.

The standard placement includes six limb leads (three bipolar and three unipolar) and six precordial (chest) leads. These leads capture the electrical potential differences from various angles, creating a comprehensive picture of the heart's electrical field. The data is then displayed as a waveform on a graph, illustrating the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave, each representing different phases of the cardiac cycle.

Interpreting a 12-lead EKG involves analyzing these waveforms for abnormalities in rate, rhythm, and the presence of various cardiac conditions. It can help diagnose conditions such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats), hypertrophy (enlargement of the heart chambers), and electrolyte imbalances. The 12-lead EKG is a non-invasive, rapid, and relatively inexpensive test that remains a cornerstone of cardiovascular assessment in both emergency and routine clinical settings.