1023

1023 is a natural number that follows 1022 and precedes 1024. It is one less than 1024, a common benchmark in computing, and it appears in various mathematical and technical contexts.

In number theory, 1023 factors as 3 × 11 × 31, a product of three distinct primes. This makes it a sphenic number and a composite, non-square integer.

In binary and digital representations, 1023 is notable for being the maximum value of a 10-bit unsigned binary number: 1111111111. It is also represented as 0x3FF in hexadecimal and 0o1777 in octal; in Roman numerals it is MXXIII.

The divisors of 1023 are 1, 3, 11, 31, 33, 93, 341, and 1023, and its sum of divisors is 1536.

As a concept in computing, 1023 is used to denote the upper limit of certain small-scale counters and buffers, particularly in 10-bit systems and early digital devices.