ösztradiol

Östradiol, also known as 17β-estradiol, is a naturally occurring estrogen hormone that plays a crucial role in the female reproductive system. It is primarily produced by the ovaries, with smaller amounts produced by the adrenal glands, placenta, and fat tissue. Östradiol is essential for various physiological processes, including the regulation of the menstrual cycle, maintenance of pregnancy, and the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

The primary function of östradiol is to promote the growth and maintenance of the female reproductive system. It stimulates the growth of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle, which is shed during menstruation if pregnancy does not occur. During pregnancy, östradiol supports the growth and development of the placenta and fetus. Additionally, it contributes to the development of secondary sexual characteristics, such as breast development and the distribution of body fat.

Östradiol levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle, with peak levels occurring during ovulation. This fluctuation is regulated by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which release hormones that stimulate or inhibit the production of östradiol. Imbalances in östradiol levels can lead to various health issues, including menstrual disorders, infertility, and osteoporosis.

Östradiol is also used medically as a hormone replacement therapy to treat symptoms of menopause and as a contraceptive. Synthetic forms of östradiol, such as estradiol, are available in various pharmaceutical preparations and are used to treat conditions such as low estrogen levels, breast cancer, and certain types of anemia. However, the use of synthetic estrogens should be carefully monitored by healthcare professionals due to potential side effects and risks.