ácida

Ácida refers to a substance that is characterized by its sour taste and its ability to donate hydrogen ions (protons) in chemical reactions. In chemistry, acids are a fundamental class of compounds, often contrasted with bases. The pH scale is a common measure of acidity, with values below 7 indicating an acidic solution. Lower pH values represent higher acidity. Common examples of acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and acetic acid (CH3COOH), found in vinegar. Acids can react with bases in a process called neutralization, forming salts and water. They can also react with certain metals, producing hydrogen gas. The strength of an acid is determined by its degree of ionization in water. Strong acids ionize completely, while weak acids only partially ionize. In biological systems, acidity plays a crucial role in various processes, such as digestion through stomach acid (hydrochloric acid). The term "ácida" can also be used in a more general sense to describe something that has a sharp, pungent, or tart quality, not necessarily limited to chemical definitions.