Úbeda

Úbeda is a city located in the province of Jaén, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Situated in the fertile plain of the Guadalquivir River, it is one of the two towns, along with Baeza, that form the UNESCO World Heritage site known as the "Renaissance Monumental Ensembles of Úbeda and Baeza." This designation recognizes the exceptional value of their urban planning and architecture, which underwent significant transformation during the Renaissance period.

The city's historical center boasts a remarkable collection of Renaissance palaces, churches, and squares, showcasing the architectural styles that flourished in the 16th century. Key landmarks include the Vázquez de Molina Palace, the Holy Chapel of El Salvador, and the Church of Santa María de los Reales Alcázares. The narrow, winding streets and well-preserved buildings contribute to Úbeda's distinctive historical ambiance.

Úbeda has a rich history, with evidence of settlement dating back to Iberian times. It later experienced periods of Roman, Visigothic, and especially Moorish influence, with the Arab name for the city being Ubbadat al-Arab. The Reconquista in the 13th century brought it under Christian rule, and the subsequent centuries saw its development as a prosperous agricultural and commercial center, leading to the construction of its iconic Renaissance buildings. The economy of Úbeda is largely based on agriculture, particularly olive oil production, as well as tourism attracted by its historical and artistic heritage.