Öljaitü

Öljaitü (also known as Oljeitu or Olcaytü) was the eighth Ilkhanate ruler in Persia, reigning from 1304 to 1316. A member of the Mongol Ilkhanate dynasty, his leadership followed periods of internal strife as the Ilkhanate sought to stabilize its Persian domains. His reign saw the consolidation of Mongol rule in Iran and renewed contacts with neighboring Mongol and Iranian powers.

Öljaitü established Soltaniyeh as the capital in northwestern Iran and oversaw the construction of the Mausoleum of Öljeitü at Soltaniyeh. The monument is one of the most important early examples of monumental Persian-Islamic architecture, notable for its large brick dome and integrated design. The city and tomb became enduring symbols of his era and of Ilkhanid architectural patronage.

Religiously, he promoted Twelver Shi’ism as the state religion, marking a turning point in the religious history of Iran. His sponsorship of Shi’a scholars and institutions helped to advance Shi’ite influence within the Ilkhanate and laid groundwork for the later Shi’a dynasties in the region.

Öljaitü died in 1316. He was succeeded by his son Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan, who continued to rule the Ilkhanate. His reign is remembered for architectural achievement, religious transformation, and the stabilization of imperial authority in parts of Persia during a transitional era.