énonces

In logic and linguistics, an énoncé refers to a statement or assertion that can be either true or false. It is a declarative sentence that expresses a proposition. An énoncé is distinct from the sentence itself, as different sentences can express the same énoncé. For example, "The sky is blue" and "Le ciel est bleu" are different sentences but express the same énoncé.

The truth value of an énoncé is determined by its meaning and the state of the world. If the énoncé accurately reflects reality, it is considered true. Otherwise, it is false. This concept is fundamental to propositional logic, where énoncés are the basic building blocks of logical arguments.

The term énoncé is often used interchangeably with "proposition" or "statement." However, some philosophers and linguists draw subtle distinctions. For instance, an énoncé might be considered tied to a specific utterance or context, while a proposition is a more abstract meaning that can be expressed in various ways. The study of énoncés falls under semantics, the branch of linguistics that deals with meaning. Understanding énoncés is crucial for analyzing the structure and validity of arguments, as well as for comprehending how language conveys information about the world.