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Ökarm is a term used in speculative ethics to describe a proposed moral mechanism that links human actions affecting ecosystems to long-term ethical consequences. The word functions as a portmanteau of karma and ecological or environmental dimensions, and is sometimes stylized with an umlaut to signal its ecological emphasis.

Proponents describe ökarm as a system in which the ecological outcomes of actions—such as habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change—reverberate through time, fostering or mitigating harm for future generations of people and nonhuman beings. The effects are not limited to immediate results but can propagate through social and natural systems via feedback loops, influencing future well-being and rights.

Scholars distinguish several variants. In a strong interpretation, ökarm assigns moral weight to long-term ecological consequences and implies obligations to future beings; in a weaker variant, it serves as a heuristic for evaluating sustainability and responsibility. Some critics argue that the concept is difficult to operationalize, risks anthropomorphizing natural processes, or conflates natural causation with moral blame.

Despite criticisms, ökarm is discussed in debates on environmental ethics, intergenerational justice, and long-term policy planning. It appears more often in speculative theory, thought experiments, or contemporary fiction than in mainstream philosophy, where it remains a contested and evolving idea.

Related concepts include karma, environmental ethics, intergenerational justice, and sustainable governance.