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Aarehermot, known in English as peripheral nerves, form the intricate network that extends from the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) to the rest of the body. This vast system acts as a communication highway, transmitting sensory information from the body to the central nervous system and motor commands from the central nervous system to muscles and glands.

The peripheral nervous system is broadly divided into two main components: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, such as walking or picking up an object, and relays sensory information from the skin, muscles, and joints. The autonomic nervous system, on the other hand, manages involuntary bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and breathing. It is further subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, which often have opposing effects to maintain homeostasis.

Peripheral nerves are bundles of axons, which are long, slender projections of nerve cells called neurons. These axons are typically covered by a myelin sheath, an insulating layer that speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses. Damage to these nerves, known as peripheral neuropathy, can result in a variety of symptoms, including numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, and pain, depending on the specific nerves affected and the extent of the damage. Causes of peripheral neuropathy are diverse and can include injuries, infections, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune diseases.