állapotfüggvényének

Állapotfüggvényének translates from Hungarian to English as "state function" or "state variable." In physics and chemistry, an állapotfüggvényének is a property of a thermodynamic system that depends only on the current state of the system, not on the path taken to reach that state. This means that if a system undergoes a change from an initial state to a final state, the change in any state function will be the same regardless of the intermediate steps or processes involved.

Common examples of state functions include internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy. In contrast, path functions, such as work and heat, depend on the process by which a system changes between states. The distinction between state functions and path functions is fundamental to understanding the laws of thermodynamics. For instance, the first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy (a state function) of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system. The amount of heat and work exchanged can vary depending on the process, but their difference, the change in internal energy, remains constant for a given change in state. This property makes state functions extremely useful for analyzing thermodynamic processes and predicting system behavior.