Ülemisest

Ülemisest is the elative singular form of the Estonian adjective ülemine, meaning “upper” or “top.” It is a grammatical form used when the adjective modifies a noun that is in the elative case, indicating movement from or origin from a location described as upper relative to something else. In Estonian, adjectives agree with the nouns they describe in case and number, so ülemisest occurs only in contexts where the noun is in elative.

Typical usage is found in phrases that describe location or source of something from a higher position, such as from the upper part of a building or structure. For example, in a phrase like ülemisest korrusest one can translate it as “from the upper floor.” The corresponding combinations with different nouns follow the same pattern, producing forms like ülemisest laest (from the upper ceiling) or ülemisest aknast (from the upper window).

Etymology and morphology: ülemine is formed from the stem ülem- meaning “above” or “upper,” with the adjective suffix -ine. The elative suffix -st is added to both the noun and the adjective to express origin or source in Estonian grammar, yielding ülemisest korrusest, ülemisest laest, and similar phrases.

See also: ülemine, Estonian grammar, elative case, Finnic language morphology.