vérlemezkéket

Vérlemezkék, also known as thrombocytes, are small, irregular-shaped, anucleated cell fragments found in mammalian blood. They are crucial components of the hemostasis system, playing a vital role in preventing and stopping bleeding.

Vérlemezkék originate from megakaryocytes, large bone marrow cells, through a process called thrombopoiesis. Once released into the bloodstream, they circulate for approximately 7 to 10 days before being removed by the spleen and liver.

When a blood vessel is injured, vérlemezkék are activated. They adhere to the damaged site, aggregate with each other, and form a platelet plug, which is the initial barrier to blood loss. Additionally, they release a complex mixture of substances, including growth factors and clotting factors, that initiate and amplify the coagulation cascade, leading to the formation of a stable fibrin clot. This process effectively seals the wound and allows for tissue repair.

Disorders affecting vérlemezkék can lead to significant health issues. Thrombocytopenia, a condition characterized by a low platelet count, can result in excessive bleeding. Conversely, thrombocytosis, an abnormally high platelet count, can increase the risk of blood clots and stroke. Certain medications and medical conditions can also impact vérlemezké function and count.