värisuodinkennon

A värisuodinkennon, or color filter array (CFA), is a micro-array of colored filters placed over the image sensor of a digital camera. Its primary purpose is to capture color information from the scene. Digital image sensors, by themselves, are monochromatic, meaning they can only detect the intensity of light, not its color. The CFA is composed of a repeating pattern of red, green, and blue filters, arranged in a way that each pixel's light passes through one of these filters.

The most common pattern is the Bayer filter array, which has twice as many green filters as red and blue. This is because the human eye is most sensitive to green light. After the light passes through the CFA, the raw data captured by the sensor is a mosaic of intensity values corresponding to red, green, or blue light at each pixel location.

To produce a full-color image, an image processing step called demosaicing, or debayering, is performed. This algorithm interpolates the missing color information for each pixel based on the values of its neighbors. For example, a pixel that captured green light will have its red and blue values estimated from adjacent pixels that captured red and blue light. The quality of the demosaicing algorithm significantly impacts the final image quality, affecting color accuracy and detail. Different CFA patterns and demosaicing techniques exist, each with its own trade-offs in terms of image quality, computational complexity, and cost.