vizsgálva

Vizsgálva is a non-finite verb form in Hungarian derived from the verb vizsgálni, meaning to examine or investigate. The form is created by attaching the suffix -va or -ve to the verb stem, yielding vizsgálva. It functions as an adverbial (or participial) form, typically translating to English as having examined or upon examination. It indicates that the action of the main clause occurred prior to or in relation to the action of the main verb.

Usage and function: Vizsgálva is used to introduce a participial clause that expresses circumstance, reason, or time. It can modify a noun in a descriptive phrase or help form a non-finite clause that accompanies the main clause. The construction is common in formal or written Hungarian, including legal, scientific, and journalistic prose. In everyday speech, speakers more often rely on finite clauses to convey the same information.

Examples:

- Vizsgálva a tényeket, a bíró megállapította az igazságot. (Having examined the facts, the judge established the truth.)

- Vizsgálva a kutatási eredményeket, a szerző arra a következtetésre jutott, hogy… (Having examined the research results, the author reached the conclusion that…)

Relation to other forms: Unlike the finite past participle vizsgált, which forms past tense in finite clauses, vizsgálva is non-finite and does not itself carry tense. It is one of several -va/-ve participles in Hungarian, which include forms such as érintve, látva, megvizsgálva, etc., used to create concise, clause-linking phrases.