vihamielistä

Vihamielistä is a Finnish adjective form meaning "hostile" or "antagonistic" and is the partitive singular form of the word vihamielinen. It is used to describe nouns in contexts where the action or quality is considered in a partitive sense, such as discussing a portion or kind of behavior, attitude, or rhetoric.

Etymology and meaning: The base vihamielinen combines viha (hate) with mielinen (minded or inclined), yielding the sense of having hostility toward someone or something. The root word related noun is viha, with vihamielisyys meaning hostility or hostility as a concept.

Usage: Vihamielistä typically appears with nouns in the partitive case (e.g., vihamielistä käytöstä, vihamielistä suhtautumista) or as a predicative adjective in sentences like Käytös on vihamielistä. It is common in formal, journalistic, and academic writing when characterizing attitudes, behavior, or rhetoric. The related adverb is vihamielisesti, meaning “in a hostile manner.”

Examples:

- Hän esitti vihamielistä kantaansa. He expressed a hostile stance.

- Vihamielistä retoriikkaa kuultiin kampanjan aikana. Hostile rhetoric was heard during the campaign.

- Käytös on vihamielistä. The behavior is hostile.

Related terms: vihamielinen (hostile), vihamielisyys (hostility), vihamielisesti (hostilely).