vetopname

Vetopname refers to the intestinal absorption of dietary fats. Most fats are triglycerides. After ingestion, fats are emulsified by bile salts and aided by pancreatic lipase, which hydrolyzes triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides. These products form micelles with bile acids that carry them to the enterocyte brush border. Inside enterocytes, fatty acids and monoglycerides are reassembled into triglycerides and packaged with cholesterol, phospholipids, and apolipoprotein B-48 to form chylomicrons.

Chylomicrons are secreted into the lymph via lacteals and reach the bloodstream through the thoracic duct, bypassing the portal vein. Long-chain fats are thus delivered by the lymph. Short- and medium-chain fatty acids are absorbed directly into the portal circulation.

Bile acids are essential for micelle formation and fat absorption; they are reabsorbed mainly in the terminal ileum, completing the enterohepatic circulation. Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K are absorbed with lipids. Hormones such as cholecystokinin stimulate pancreatic enzyme and bile release to aid digestion; secretin promotes bicarbonate secretion to neutralize chyme.

Impairment of vetopname can occur with pancreatic insufficiency, cholestasis, gallbladder disease, or small-intestinal disorders (e.g., celiac disease, Crohn's). Symptoms include steatorrhea, weight loss, and vitamin deficiencies. Absorption efficiency depends on fat type and health status.