vertebralisartären

The vertebralisartären, or vertebral artery, is a major blood vessel in the neck. It originates from the subclavian artery, usually the first branch of the aortic arch on the left side and the brachiocephalic trunk on the right. The vertebral artery ascends through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae, starting from the C6 vertebra and continuing upwards to the C1 vertebra.

As it travels through the neck, the vertebral artery gives off branches that supply the spinal cord and the muscles of the neck. Upon reaching the skull, it passes through the foramen magnum and then joins with the contralateral vertebral artery to form the basilar artery. This union is a crucial part of the circle of Willis, a ring of arteries at the base of the brain that ensures continuous blood supply.

The vertebral artery and its branches supply blood to the posterior circulation of the brain, including the brainstem, cerebellum, and parts of the occipital and temporal lobes. Therefore, any disruption to the vertebral artery, such as stenosis or dissection, can lead to serious neurological deficits, including stroke. The vertebral artery is an essential component of the cardiovascular system, vital for nourishing the posterior regions of the brain.