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Versioning, also known as version numbering, is the practice of assigning a unique identifier to each distinct release of a software, product, or document. This identifier, typically a series of numbers, is used to track changes and revisions made to the original version.

The purpose of versioning is to maintain a clear and organized record of updates, fixes, and improvements made to a product over time. By using a consistent versioning scheme, developers and users can easily identify the current version, past versions, and any changes made in between. This helps to resolve issues, track bugs, and ensure compatibility.

Version numbers usually follow a standardized format, such as X.X.X, where X represents the major version, minor version, and patch version, respectively. For example, a software release might be versioned as 1.2.3, indicating a major version change in 1, a minor update in 2, and a patch release in 3.

Versioning is widely used in the development and project management processes, including agile methodologies, such as Scrum and Kanban. It's also essential in release management, ensuring that updates are properly tested, validated, and deployed to minimize disruptions.

Effective versioning schemes help to improve communication between developers, maintainers, and users, facilitating transparency and trustworthiness. By accurately tracking changes and updates, versioning contributes to the overall quality, reliability, and efficiency of software development and deployment.