velites

Velites were a class of light infantry in the Roman army, particularly prominent during the Roman Republic. They were the poorest of the Roman citizens, typically armed with javelins (hastae velitares) and a small shield (parma). Their primary role was skirmishing, harassing the enemy, and acting as scouts. Velites were not part of the main legionary battle lines but operated on the flanks or in front of them. They could also be used to pursue fleeing enemies or to disrupt enemy formations before the heavy infantry engaged. Their mobility and cheap equipment made them expendable in many situations. As Roman military organization evolved, the specific role and composition of velites changed, and the term eventually faded as the legionary system was reformed.