vaterpas
Vaterpas, also known as a spirit level, is a hand tool used to determine whether a surface is horizontally level or vertically plumb. It consists of one or more sealed tubes (vials) partially filled with a liquid and an air bubble. The vials are set into a rigid frame made of metal, wood, or plastic. The frame may include features such as a ruler, scales, magnets, or a built-in ruler.
How it works: the liquid in each vial seeks the highest point, allowing the bubble to move
Variants and uses: common forms include torpedo levels (compact and portable), box levels (rectangular), and longer
Care and accuracy: vaterpasse require clean, undamaged vials and a stable frame. Temperature changes can affect