vaikivad

Vaikivad is an Estonian word form that can function both as a finite verb and as a descriptive adjective. It is the third-person plural present indicative form of the verb vaikima, meaning to be quiet or to fall silent. In this use, vaikivad translates to “they are quiet” or “they fall silent.” The form can also act attributively when it agrees with a plural noun, conveying the sense “silent” or “quiet,” as in vaikivad inimesed (silent people) or vaikivad ruumid (quiet rooms).

Etymology and morphology: vaikivad is derived from vaikima, with the stem vaik- and the standard plural present tense ending -vad. The root vaik- relates to quietness, and the form is routinely used in everyday Estonian to describe states of silence or restraint of speech.

Usage and nuance: In prose and speech, vaikivad is common for describing groups that have chosen not to speak or to maintain silence in a given moment. It can describe physical quiet in a room or a broader attitude of reticence. While primarily a verb form, its adjectival use as vaikivad is also correct when modifying plural nouns.

Examples:

- Koolilapsed vaikivad klassis. (The pupils are silent in the classroom.)

- Mõned vaikivad inimesed võivad mõelda sügavalt. (Some silent people may think deeply.)

See also: vaikiva or vaikne as related adjectives, vaikima as the base verb, and related terms for silence in Estonian.