vaadanud

Vaadanud is the Estonian active past participle of the verb vaadata, meaning to look or to watch. It expresses the idea of “having looked” or “having watched” and is used in several grammatical functions, most notably to form perfect tenses and as a non-finite or adjectival modifier.

In perfect tenses, vaadanud combines with the auxiliary be (olema) to indicate a completed action related to the present or a past reference point. Examples include forms like olen vaadanud, oled vaadanud, olete vaadanud, and ta on vaadanud, which translate roughly to “I have looked,” “you have watched,” or “they have watched,” respectively. Vaadanud can also appear in past perfect or pluperfect constructions within context.

As an attributive or non-finite form, vaadanud can modify a noun to describe someone or something that has performed the action of looking or watching. When used in this way, the participle agrees with the noun in number and case, functioning similarly to an adjective in Estonian grammar.

Formation and related forms: vaadanud is generated from the verb vaadata by adding the suffix -nud, a common pattern for active past participles in Estonian. It contrasts with other participial forms of related verbs (for example, the passive participle vaadatud).

Examples:

- Ma olen vaadanud filmi kogu õhtu. (I have watched the movie the whole evening.)

- Oled sa vaadanud mitu osa seriaalist? (Have you watched several episodes of the series?)

Vaadanud thus serves as a crucial grammatical tool in Estonian for conveying completed viewing actions and for creating descriptive, participial phrases. See also: vaadata, nägema, and related participle forms in Estonian.