vérrögképzdésre

Vérrögképződés, also known as thrombogenesis or hemostasis, is a vital physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It involves a complex cascade of events that ultimately lead to the formation of a blood clot, or thrombus. This clot acts as a plug, sealing the damaged area and allowing the tissue to heal.

The process begins almost immediately after an injury. First, the blood vessel constricts, reducing blood flow. Then, platelets, small cell fragments circulating in the blood, adhere to the site of injury and aggregate, forming a temporary plug. Simultaneously, a cascade of clotting factors, which are proteins in the blood plasma, is activated. This cascade culminates in the conversion of fibrinogen, a soluble protein, into fibrin, an insoluble protein. Fibrin strands then form a meshwork that traps red blood cells and platelets, reinforcing the initial platelet plug and creating a stable clot.

Once healing is complete, a counter-regulatory process called fibrinolysis begins, breaking down the clot to restore normal blood flow. Disorders of blood clotting can lead to either excessive bleeding (hemorrhage) due to insufficient clot formation or dangerous clot formation within blood vessels (thrombosis), which can obstruct blood flow and lead to conditions like deep vein thrombosis or stroke.