upsloping

Upsloping refers to a surface, line, or area that rises in elevation as one moves in a specified direction. The term is used across disciplines to describe slope orientation, including hillsides, rivers, and man-made gradients.

In geography and geomorphology, upslope describes the direction toward higher ground. Upslope terrain can influence drainage, erosion, and slope stability, and is contrasted with downslope, the direction toward lower ground. The exact upslope direction depends on the local reference frame (for example, toward the ridge or toward the watershed).

In economics, an upward-sloping supply curve denotes that higher prices induce greater quantities supplied. This positive relationship results from profit incentives or capacity constraints. While the standard model features an upward-sloping supply curve, real-world supply can be affected by factors such as technology, input costs, and regulatory restrictions.

In meteorology, upslope phenomena occur when moist air is forced up a mountain slope, cooling and condensing to form fog or clouds (upslope fog). Upslope winds are related effects where terrain-induced uplift drives wind patterns.

In construction and civil engineering, upslope gradients influence drainage design, foundations, and earthworks, requiring attention to slope stability, erosion control, and materials grading.