tvåomgångssystem

Two-round system, also known as a runoff voting system, is an electoral system where a second round of voting is held if no candidate receives a majority of votes in the first round. Typically, this majority is defined as more than 50% of the total votes cast. If a candidate achieves this threshold in the initial election, they are declared the winner.

However, if no candidate meets the majority requirement, a second round is organized. The candidates participating in the second round are usually the top two vote-getters from the first round. In some variations, a lower threshold might be set for progressing to the second round, allowing more than two candidates to advance if they meet a certain percentage of votes. The candidate who secures a majority of votes in the second round is then elected.

This system is designed to ensure that the eventual winner has the support of a majority of the electorate, thereby promoting broader legitimacy for the elected official. It is commonly used in presidential elections in many countries and in some legislative elections. The primary advantage is that it prevents a candidate from winning with a small minority of the vote, which can happen in systems where only a plurality is needed. A potential drawback is the cost and logistical effort of conducting a second election, as well as the possibility of voter fatigue.