tromboxán

Thromboxane is a group of potent prostanoid compounds that are produced by blood platelets and white blood cells. The most important and well-studied member of this group is thromboxane A2 (TXA2). TXA2 is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and released into the extracellular environment. It plays a crucial role in hemostasis and thrombosis. Upon its release, TXA2 binds to thromboxane receptors, primarily found on platelets, leading to a cascade of intracellular events.

These events include a rapid increase in intracellular calcium levels and activation of platelet aggregation. This aggregation is a critical step in the formation of a blood clot, which helps to stop bleeding following injury. TXA2 also causes vasoconstriction, narrowing of blood vessels, which further aids in controlling blood loss. Beyond its role in platelet function and clotting, thromboxane can also influence inflammation and smooth muscle contraction in other tissues. The synthesis of thromboxanes is catalyzed by the enzyme thromboxane synthase. Due to its significant role in clot formation, particularly in arteries, thromboxane A2 is a target for pharmacological intervention, with drugs like aspirin inhibiting its production to prevent unwanted blood clots.