treonine

Threonine is one of the twenty proteinogenic amino acids, meaning it is one of the building blocks used by living organisms to synthesize proteins. Its chemical structure is characterized by a hydroxyl group on its side chain, making it a polar amino acid. Threonine is classified as an essential amino acid for humans, as the body cannot synthesize it and it must be obtained through diet.

The presence of the hydroxyl group allows threonine to participate in hydrogen bonding, influencing protein folding and stability. It also serves as a site for post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and glycosylation, which are crucial for regulating protein function and cellular signaling pathways.

Dietary sources of threonine are abundant and include a wide variety of protein-rich foods such as meat, poultry, fish, dairy products, eggs, legumes, and grains. Adequate intake of threonine is important for maintaining muscle tissue, supporting immune function, and facilitating the metabolism of fats.

Threonine plays a role in the synthesis of other important biomolecules, including glycine and serine. It is also involved in the production of antibodies and the formation of collagen and elastin, which are key structural components of connective tissues. Deficiencies in threonine are rare in individuals consuming a balanced diet but can potentially lead to impaired growth and metabolic disturbances.