torakální

Thoracic refers to the chest region of the body. This area is anatomically defined as the part of the torso between the neck and the abdomen. It is enclosed by the thoracic cage, which consists of the ribs, the sternum (breastbone), and the thoracic vertebrae. The primary function of the thoracic region is to protect vital organs such as the heart and lungs, and to play a role in respiration.

Within the thoracic cavity, the lungs are located in the pleural cavities, while the heart is situated in the mediastinum, a central compartment that also contains the esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels. The diaphragm, a large, dome-shaped muscle, forms the floor of the thoracic cavity and is crucial for breathing. Muscles of the chest wall, including the intercostal muscles, also assist in expanding and contracting the rib cage during inhalation and exhalation.

Medical conditions affecting the thoracic region are diverse and can involve the skeletal structures, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, or nerves. Common examples include pneumonia, pleurisy, bronchitis, heart attacks, and rib fractures. Pain in the thoracic area can stem from various sources, ranging from muscle strain to more serious cardiac or pulmonary issues. Diagnostic procedures like chest X-rays, CT scans, and EKGs are frequently used to evaluate thoracic health.