titrálását

Titrálását is a chemical technique used to determine the unknown concentration of a solution. This is achieved by reacting it with a solution of known concentration, called a titrant, until the reaction is complete. The point at which the reaction is just complete is known as the equivalence point. To visually detect the equivalence point, an indicator is often used, which changes color when the reaction is complete. Alternatively, an instrumental method like potentiometry can be employed to monitor the reaction progress.

The process begins by carefully measuring a precise volume of the analyte, the solution of unknown concentration, into a flask. The titrant is then added slowly from a burette, a graduated glass tube with a stopcock. The titrant is added drop by drop while the flask is swirled to ensure thorough mixing. As the titrant is added, the indicator within the analyte solution will signal any changes. The addition continues until the indicator undergoes a distinct and persistent color change, signifying that the equivalence point has been reached.

The volume of titrant used at the equivalence point is then recorded. Using the known concentration of the titrant and the volume of both the titrant and the analyte, the concentration of the analyte can be calculated using stoichiometry. This method is widely used in analytical chemistry for a variety of analyses, including acid-base titrations, redox titrations, and precipitation titrations.