tertchlorobutane

tert-Chlorobutane, also known as 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, is a tertiary alkyl halide with the chemical formula C4H9Cl. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a distinct, somewhat camphor-like odor. The molecule features a central carbon atom bonded to three methyl groups and one chlorine atom. This highly branched structure is characteristic of tertiary alkyl halides and significantly influences its chemical reactivity.

Tert-chlorobutane is an important reagent in organic chemistry, primarily participating in nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions. Due to the steric hindrance around the chlorine atom and the stability of the resulting tertiary carbocation, it tends to undergo SN1 reactions and E1 eliminations, particularly under polar protic solvent conditions. In contrast, it is less prone to SN2 reactions. It can be synthesized through various methods, including the reaction of tert-butyl alcohol with hydrochloric acid. Its flammability and potential to cause skin and eye irritation necessitate careful handling in laboratory settings. It finds applications in the synthesis of other organic compounds, particularly those involving the introduction of the tert-butyl group.