tepu

Tepui is a term used to describe a flat-topped mountain or mesa found in the Guiana Highlands of South America, particularly in Venezuela. These geological formations are characterized by steep, cliff-like sides and a summit that is often covered by a unique ecosystem. The word "tepui" comes from the Pemon language, meaning "house of the gods."

The formation of tepuis dates back millions of years to the Precambrian era, when ancient sandstone layers were deposited and subsequently eroded by rivers and wind. The unique isolation of these summits has led to the evolution of endemic species, meaning plants and animals found nowhere else on Earth. These isolated ecosystems often feature carnivorous plants, orchids, and amphibians that have adapted to the specific conditions of the tepui environment.

The most famous tepui is Mount Roraima, which straddles the borders of Venezuela, Brazil, and Guyana. Other notable tepuis include Auyán-tepui, home to Angel Falls, the world's tallest waterfall, and Sarisariñama, known for its spectacular sinkholes. The sheer cliffs and remote locations of many tepuis make them challenging to access, contributing to their mystique and the preservation of their unique biodiversity. Exploration of these tabletop mountains often involves hiking, climbing, and even helicopter access.