talmál

Talmál, also known as Talmudian or Talmudic Aramaic, is a dialect of Aramaic that was used in the composition of the Talmud, a central text of Rabbinic Judaism. The Talmud is a compilation of Jewish law, ethics, philosophy, customs, and history, and it is composed of two parts: the Mishnah and the Gemara. The Mishnah, written in Hebrew, is a codification of Jewish oral laws, while the Gemara, written in Talmúd, is a commentary and analysis of the Mishnah.

Talmúd developed during the Talmudic period, which spanned from the 1st to the 6th century CE, primarily in the regions of Israel (then known as the Land of Israel or Palestine) and Babylon (modern-day Iraq). It is a Western Aramaic dialect, closely related to the language used in the Targums, which are Aramaic translations of the Hebrew Bible.

The language of the Talmud is notable for its complex and nuanced expressions, reflecting the intricate nature of the discussions and debates it contains. It incorporates Hebrew words and phrases, as well as loanwords from other languages, such as Persian and Greek. The Talmud's language has significantly influenced the development of later Jewish languages, including Yiddish and Ladino.

Despite its historical significance, Talmúd is not widely spoken today. However, it remains an essential language for the study of the Talmud and Jewish law. Scholars and students of Talmudic literature often learn Talmúd to engage more deeply with the text and its commentaries. The study of Talmúd also provides valuable insights into the historical and cultural context of the Talmudic period.