taenias

Taenias, or taeniae, is a term used in anatomy and parasitology to refer to band-like structures as well as to a genus of parasitic tapeworms. In anatomy, taeniae coli are three distinct longitudinal bands of smooth muscle on the wall of the large intestine. These bands are named taenia libera, taenia omentalis, and taenia mesocolica. They run along the colon and, along with the circular muscle layer, help shorten and lengthen the intestinal tract during peristalsis and segmentation. The taeniae coli converge at the base of the appendix, where a common attachment point is formed, and their action contributes to the formation of haustra, or pouches, along the colon.

In parasitology, Taenia is a genus of tapeworms that parasitize the intestines of various hosts, including humans. Notable species affecting humans are Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm) and Taenia solium (pork tapeworm). Humans acquire taeniasis by ingesting raw or undercooked meat containing larval cysticerci. Most infections are asymptomatic or cause mild gastrointestinal symptoms, but complications can occur, such as intestinal obstruction or, in the case of Taenia solium, cysticercosis if larvae migrate to tissues outside the gut. Diagnosis typically involves stool examination for eggs or proglottids, and treatment options include praziquantel or niclosamide. Prevention centers on proper cooking of meat, meat inspection, and good hygiene.

The term taenias therefore covers both anatomical bands in the colon and the tapeworm genus, with usage depending on the context.