sähköneriste

Sähköneriste, or electrical insulator, is a material that resists the flow of electric current. This property makes them essential components in electrical systems and electronic devices. Insulators are used to prevent short circuits, protect users from electric shock, and to ensure that electrical signals travel along intended paths.

Commonly used electrical insulators include rubber, plastic, glass, ceramic, and various types of wood. The effectiveness of an insulator is measured by its dielectric strength, which is the maximum electric field it can withstand before it begins to conduct electricity. Higher dielectric strength indicates a better insulating material.

In electrical wiring, insulators are typically found as coatings around conductive wires. In high-voltage applications, such as power lines, insulators made of ceramic or polymer are used to support the conductors and prevent current from flowing to the support structures. In electronics, insulators are used to separate conductive components on circuit boards and within integrated circuits. The choice of insulator depends on the specific application, considering factors like voltage, temperature, and environmental conditions.