szignalfeldolgozás

Signal processing, or szignálfeldolgozás in Hungarian, is a field of engineering and computer science that deals with the analysis, modification, and synthesis of signals. Signals are physical quantities that vary over time or space and contain information. Examples include audio waves, images, radio waves, and physiological measurements. The primary goal of signal processing is to extract useful information from these signals or to transform them into a more desirable form.

There are two main branches of signal processing: analog and digital. Analog signal processing manipulates continuous signals using physical circuits. Digital signal processing, which has become increasingly dominant, converts analog signals into discrete digital values using analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). These digital signals are then processed using algorithms implemented on computers or specialized digital signal processors (DSPs).

Key techniques in signal processing include filtering, which removes unwanted components from a signal; spectral analysis, which examines the frequency content of a signal; compression, which reduces the amount of data needed to represent a signal; and feature extraction, which identifies important characteristics within a signal. These techniques find applications in a vast array of fields, such as telecommunications, image and video processing, medical imaging, radar, sonar, and control systems. The ability to effectively process signals is fundamental to modern technology and scientific research.