szervezetfoszformérgezésre

Szervezetfoszformérgezés translates to organophosphate poisoning in English. It refers to a condition caused by excessive exposure to organophosphate compounds. Organophosphates are a class of chemicals that are widely used as pesticides and insecticides, and are also found in some nerve agents.

The mechanism of toxicity involves the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme crucial for the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. When acetylcholinesterase is inhibited, acetylcholine accumulates in synaptic clefts, leading to overstimulation of nerve receptors. This overstimulation can manifest in a variety of symptoms affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Symptoms of organophosphate poisoning can range from mild to severe, depending on the dose and route of exposure. Mild symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, increased salivation and tearing, muscle twitching, and blurred vision. More severe poisoning can lead to respiratory distress, bradycardia (slow heart rate), confusion, seizures, coma, and potentially death due to respiratory failure.

Diagnosis is typically made based on a history of exposure and the presence of characteristic symptoms. Laboratory tests can confirm the diagnosis by measuring cholinesterase levels in the blood. Treatment involves supportive care and the administration of antidotes, primarily atropine to counteract the effects of acetylcholine and pralidoxime to reactivate the inhibited acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Prompt medical attention is crucial for a favorable outcome.