szájnyálkahártyabetegségek

Szájnyálkahártya refers to the mucous membrane that lines the inside of the mouth. It is a vital component of the oral cavity, serving numerous functions including lubrication, protection, and sensory perception. This delicate tissue is composed of stratified squamous epithelium and an underlying connective tissue layer called the lamina propria.

The surface of the szájnyálkahártya is typically moist, thanks to the continuous secretion of saliva. Saliva plays a crucial role in maintaining oral hygiene by washing away food particles and bacteria, and it also contains enzymes that begin the digestive process. The moisture also helps in the formation of a bolus for swallowing and facilitates speech.

Protective functions are also paramount. The szájnyálkahártya acts as a barrier against mechanical damage from food, thermal insults, and the invasion of microorganisms. Its rapid cell turnover rate allows for quick repair of minor injuries, such as those caused by biting the inside of the cheek.

Sensory innervation of the szájnyálkahártya provides the sense of taste through specialized taste buds, as well as the perception of texture, temperature, and pain. This sensory feedback is essential for appetite regulation, identifying potentially harmful substances, and enjoying food.

Various conditions can affect the szájnyálkahártya, including infections, inflammatory diseases like stomatitis, and precancerous or cancerous lesions. Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial for the health of the szájnyálkahártya.