sylkirauhasiin

Sylkirauhasiin, a Finnish term, translates to salivary glands in English. These are exocrine glands that produce saliva, a fluid that plays a crucial role in digestion, lubrication, and oral hygiene. Humans have three major pairs of salivary glands: the parotid glands, the submandibular glands, and the sublingual glands. Numerous smaller glands are also distributed throughout the mucous membranes of the mouth.

The parotid glands, the largest of the salivary glands, are located on either side of the face, in front of the ears. They primarily secrete a serous, watery fluid rich in enzymes like amylase, which begins the breakdown of carbohydrates. The submandibular glands, located beneath the jaw, produce a mixed secretion containing both serous and mucous components. The sublingual glands, situated under the tongue, are the smallest and mainly produce a mucous secretion.

Saliva's functions are multifaceted. It moistens food, facilitating chewing and swallowing. Digestive enzymes in saliva initiate the breakdown of starches. Saliva also acts as a lubricant, protecting the oral mucosa and teeth from mechanical damage. Furthermore, it possesses antibacterial properties, helping to maintain oral health by neutralizing acids and washing away food debris. Disorders affecting salivary glands, such as infections, stones, or tumors, can lead to dry mouth (xerostomia) and other oral health complications.