sylkirauhasen

Sylkirauhanen is the Finnish term for salivary gland. Salivary glands are exocrine glands in the mouth that produce saliva. Saliva plays a crucial role in digestion, lubrication, and maintaining oral hygiene. There are three major pairs of salivary glands in humans: the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. Numerous smaller, minor salivary glands are also distributed throughout the oral mucosa.

The parotid glands, the largest of the three, are located near the ears and primarily secrete serous saliva, rich in enzymes like amylase, which begins carbohydrate digestion. The submandibular glands, situated beneath the jaw, produce a mixed secretion of both serous and mucous saliva. The sublingual glands, located under the tongue, secrete predominantly mucous saliva.

Saliva's functions are diverse. It moistens food, aiding in chewing and swallowing. Its enzymatic content starts the breakdown of starches. Saliva also contains antimicrobial agents that help protect the teeth and gums from bacterial infections. Furthermore, it helps to buffer acids in the mouth, protecting tooth enamel. Salivary gland disorders can range from dry mouth (xerostomia) to infections like mumps, and the formation of salivary stones.