sydänläpellä

Sydänläpällä refers to a heart valve. The heart has four main valves: the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, aortic valve, and pulmonary valve. These valves are crucial for ensuring that blood flows through the heart in the correct direction, preventing backflow. Each valve is composed of leaflets or cusps that open and close with each heartbeat.

The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle. The tricuspid valve is situated between the right atrium and the right ventricle. The aortic valve is between the left ventricle and the aorta, the body's main artery. The pulmonary valve connects the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery, which carries blood to the lungs.

Dysfunction of a heart valve, known as valvular heart disease, can have significant health consequences. This dysfunction can manifest as stenosis, where a valve does not open fully, restricting blood flow, or regurgitation, where a valve does not close properly, allowing blood to leak backward. These issues can strain the heart and lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue. Diagnosis often involves physical examination, echocardiography, and other imaging techniques. Treatment options range from medication to surgical repair or replacement of the affected valve.