svelgapparatet

Svelgapparatet, also known as the swallowing mechanism or deglutition apparatus, refers to the complex series of muscles, nerves, and structures that work together to move food and liquid from the mouth to the stomach. This process is essential for nutrition and hydration. The apparatus involves several stages. The oral phase, which is voluntary, begins with the manipulation of food in the mouth and its preparation for swallowing. The pharyngeal phase is an involuntary reflex where the bolus of food is propelled backward through the pharynx. During this phase, the airway is protected by the epiglottis closing off the larynx. Finally, the esophageal phase is also involuntary, involving the movement of the food bolus down the esophagus to the stomach through muscular contractions called peristalsis. The intricate coordination of these stages is controlled by the nervous system, primarily cranial nerves V, VII, IX, X, and XII. Any disruption in the function of svelgapparatet can lead to dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, which can have serious health consequences.