suspensioonpolümerisatsioon

Suspensioonpolümerisatsioon is a method of free-radical polymerization where monomers are dispersed as droplets in a continuous phase, typically water, stabilized by suspending agents. This process creates polymer particles of a specific size, usually ranging from a few micrometers to a few millimeters. The monomer is insoluble in the continuous phase and is not dissolved by the suspending agent. The polymerization reaction occurs within each individual monomer droplet, which acts as a tiny, self-contained reactor.

The suspending agents, often water-soluble polymers like polyvinyl alcohol or cellulose derivatives, prevent the monomer droplets from coalescing during the polymerization. Agitation is crucial to maintain the dispersion of the droplets and ensure uniform temperature distribution. Heat generated by the exothermic polymerization reaction is efficiently dissipated by the continuous phase, allowing for better temperature control compared to bulk polymerization.

Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting polymer is obtained as discrete beads or granules. These beads can be easily separated from the continuous phase by filtration and washing. Suspensioonpolümerisatsioon is widely used in the production of various polymers, including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The method offers advantages such as good heat transfer, easy product handling, and the ability to control particle size and morphology. It is particularly suitable for producing polymers that are difficult to process in their bulk form.