superpozícii

Superpozícia, also known as superposition, is a fundamental principle in physics, particularly in quantum mechanics and wave phenomena. In classical physics, the principle of superposition states that for linear systems, the net response caused by two or more stimuli is the sum of the individual responses. For example, if two waves meet in a medium, the displacement of the medium at any point is the sum of the displacements that each wave would cause individually. This applies to various phenomena like sound waves, light waves, and electrical signals.

In quantum mechanics, superposition takes on a more profound meaning. A quantum system, such as an electron or a photon, can exist in multiple states simultaneously until a measurement is made. This means that a quantum bit, or qubit, can be both 0 and 1 at the same time, unlike a classical bit which can only be one or the other. This ability to represent multiple states concurrently is a cornerstone of quantum computing, allowing for potentially exponential increases in processing power for certain types of problems. The act of measurement collapses the superposition, forcing the system into one definite state. The probability of finding the system in a particular state is determined by its wavefunction.