subatom

Subatom refers to the particles that make up the atom, specifically the protons, neutrons, and electrons. These particles are smaller than the atom itself and are fundamental to the structure and behavior of matter. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. Protons carry a positive charge, electrons carry a negative charge, and neutrons are neutral. The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number and defines the element. The number of neutrons can vary, resulting in different isotopes of the same element. Electrons are much smaller and lighter than protons and neutrons, and they are responsible for the chemical properties of elements. The study of subatomic particles is a crucial area of physics, as it helps to understand the fundamental forces and interactions that govern the universe.