stratosféru

The stratosphere is the second lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, situated above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. It extends from an altitude of about 10 to 50 kilometers (6 to 31 miles) above the Earth's surface, although the boundary with the mesosphere can vary depending on latitude and solar activity. The stratosphere is named for the Greek word "stratos," meaning "layer" or "covering."

The stratosphere is characterized by a temperature increase with altitude, reaching a maximum of about -50 degrees Celsius (-58 degrees Fahrenheit) at the stratopause, the boundary with the mesosphere. This temperature inversion is due to the absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone molecules in the lower stratosphere. The stratosphere is relatively stable and free from the turbulence and weather phenomena found in the troposphere.

The stratosphere plays a crucial role in Earth's climate and weather patterns. It contains a significant amount of the Earth's ozone, which absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation, protecting the Earth's surface from harmful solar radiation. The stratosphere also influences weather patterns by affecting the distribution of temperature and pressure, which in turn influences the movement of air masses.

The stratosphere is home to various phenomena, including polar mesospheric clouds and noctilucent clouds, which are high-altitude clouds that reflect light and can be seen at night. The stratosphere is also an important region for aviation, as it is relatively calm and stable, making it ideal for high-altitude flight.

Despite its importance, the stratosphere is not well understood due to its remote location and the challenges of conducting scientific research in such an environment. However, ongoing research continues to shed light on the complex processes and phenomena that occur in this critical layer of the atmosphere.