stokiyometri

Stoichiometry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. The term "stoichiometry" is derived from the Greek words "stoicheion" meaning element and "metron" meaning measure. It is based on the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

At its core, stoichiometry uses balanced chemical equations to determine the relative amounts of substances involved. A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction by showing the reactants and products, with coefficients that indicate the molar ratios of each species. For example, in the reaction 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O, the coefficients indicate that two moles of hydrogen react with one mole of oxygen to produce two moles of water.

By understanding these molar ratios, chemists can predict the amount of product formed from a given amount of reactant, or conversely, determine the amount of reactant needed to produce a desired amount of product. This involves converting between mass, moles, and the number of particles using molar mass and Avogadro's number. Stoichiometry is crucial for various applications, including chemical synthesis, industrial processes, and analytical chemistry, ensuring efficient and predictable outcomes in chemical transformations.

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