stegspenning

Stegspenning, also known as step voltage, is a concept in electrical safety describing the potential difference that can occur between two points on the ground separated by the distance between a person’s feet when a fault causes a ground potential rise near electrical equipment. The phenomenon is most relevant around high-voltage installations and outdoor networks where fault currents create non-uniform ground potentials.

Causes of stegspenning include the presence of fault currents in the earth, soil resistivity, moisture conditions, and the geometry of the grounding system. Substations, outdoor switchyards, and other locations with extensive grounding networks are common contexts where step potential is assessed and managed.

Hazards associated with stegspenning arise when a person stands with feet at different ground potentials, allowing current to pass through the body. This can result in electric shock or more serious injuries. The risk depends on the magnitude of the potential difference, the distance between the feet, contact with other conductive surfaces, and the duration of the fault.

Measurement and mitigation: Step voltage is evaluated using ground potential rise analyses and field measurements. Mitigation strategies focus on reducing surface voltage differences and limiting access to dangerous zones. This includes designing robust, low-impedance grounding systems, implementing equipotential bonding, installing barriers or fencing, and posting warnings. Workers should follow established safety procedures and use appropriate personal protective equipment when in or near high-risk areas.

Standards and terminology: Safety standards address step and touch potentials within broader grounding and electrical installation guidance. Often cited references include general grounding standards and occupational safety guidelines, which emphasize risk assessment and protective measures for workers and the public.